Kyniska was a Spartan princess who was born around 440 BCE. She was the daughter of Spartan king Agesilaus II. She became the first woman in history to win at the ancient Olympic Games.

Although the ancient Games were almost entirely male-only, women were allowed to enter the equestrian events by owning the horses. Kyniska won in the four-horse chariot race in 396 BC and again in 392 BC. In Olympia, Greece, Kyniska had an inscription written declaring that she was the only female to win the wreath in the chariot events at the Olympic Games.